Vitasoy †Sparkling Soy Milk

VITASOY †Sparkling soy milk †¢ Executive rundown †¢ Background of Studies †¢ Environmental examining †¢ Advertising and Promotion methodologies/strategies †¢ Conclusion †¢ Reference †¢ Appendices †¢ Executive synopsis †¢ Background of Studies In 1940, Vitasoy was set up by Dr K. S. Lo in Hong Kong. Soya bean is the fundamental wellspring of protein for Chinese individuals for a long time. Mr. Lo carried this enormous plan to Hong Kong advertise, he started to sell his Soya bean milk from conveyance in new to customers’ homes on bike, extended his business to retail outlets after the World War. These days, VITASOY group’s items sell in more than 40 markets far and wide and turn into the global association which is norms in quality and creative items. Vitasoy’s key item is soybean drink and tofu, which is nutritious and high-protein solid for individuals. Vitasoy was developed about 70 years, it is as yet the one of the most popular neighborhood trademark past Hong Kong, through the high caliber, the extraordinary tasting, solid and sold at reasonable value, those are the elements why Vitasoy is fruitful its one of a kind selling suggestion. The business uniqueness: 1. Brand devotion Through almost 70 years, Vitasoy is as yet an innovator in the business in Hong Kong 2. 3 primary contenders HI-C Ribena Yeo’s 3. Reasonable cost For wide client section (e. g. understudy, grown-up, older folks) †¢ Environmental examining 1. Lead Situation Analysis Vitasoy is the greatest provider of the soymilk advertise in Hong Kong. As indicated by Mingpao Finance (2008/08/04), she has 75% of the piece of the overall industry of the soymilk in HK, half of Shenzhen and Guangzhou, 35% of Australia and New Zealand. The most customary and solid brand the soymilk item in Hong Kong which is Vitasoy, in light of the fact that she is doing her business 69 years in Hong Kong, so everybody knows as her. In spite of the fact that she is a lot of preferred position for business in HK, she despite everything needs to mind a couple of focuses, nature of the soymilk. In 1996, after the episode of soymilk taste disintegration, Vitasoy had gained notoriety for her marking and lost HKD 60,000,000 benefit. These days, clients advocate the wellbeing food, soy bean of soymilk is a natural food without fake additives, hereditarily altered (GM) nourishments. This is the greatest business open door for Vitasoy, so she starts the abroad business, similar to Australia and New Zealand, that she has a decent return. On the other through, when the comparable item like milk happen issues, soymilk will get the additional benefit. It’s a reality, when a year ago, the principle land China happen the toxic substance milk, simultaneously, the soymilk get the incredible deals, it increment 56% for the all out deals. In any case, the open door brought a danger of contenders, as Yeo’s and Coca Cola. The biggest contender, Coca Cola has a lot of cash-flow to assault the soymilk showcase. Vitasoy can't endure this hazard, so she should be a pioneer for the abroad and the Mainland China advertise, to make the solid deduction for the future development 2. ) Conduct a client examination Up to 31 March 2009, the significant deals market of Vitasoy is Hong Kong and Macau, which conveys 53% of all out deal sum. The subsequent market is Mainland China, which is 20%. Different markets are Australia, Zealand, North America and Singapore. Every one of these business sectors are developing progressively. In the ongoing years, Vitasoy is enthused about propelling various assortments and elevating advantages of soy to clients who concern their wellbeing. Such systems extend the client gatherings to all ages just as the two sexual orientations. It raised Vitasoy’s deals development and piece of the overall industry. Furthermore, the Group’s fold shop business and cooking business likewise recorded a solid commitment development. From the Vitasoy items, a large portion of our clients (44%) pick soymilk while 20% select Lemon tea items. In September 2008, mass awareness of the wellbeing of dairy milk was stirred by the flare-up of the melamine issue. In light of similitude between dairy milk and soymilk, soymilk of Vitasoy turned into a well known option for clients. Vitasoy is getting a charge out of good notoriety and great quality picture among Hong Kong individuals. Aside from Vitasoy’s existing client, we need to investigate more potient clients to build the piece of the overall industry. Further to the data from the Census and Statistics Department in Hong Kong 2008, there are more females (52. 7%) than guys (47. 3%). In the segment qualities, the biggest age bunch is 35-multi year old (64. 6%) The subsequent huge age bunch is 0-multi year old (12. 2%). We will base on these insights for item improvement. 3. ) Conduct an item examination Vitasoy is a sort of notable soymilk in Hong Kong. Notwithstanding it is a conventional item among individuals, new item is required to discharge so as to continue the piece of the overall industry. The new item is called â€Å"Sparkling soy milk† which will be one of the refreshments in accordance with Vitasoy arrangement that will be discharged in mid-November 2009. This restrictive item is constrained to be sold during this Christmas season. Diagram the item: ? Utilizing soymilk as premise ? Supplement sound item that is highlighted with the most low immersed fat and rich protein ? Utilizing a plastic jug as a holder ? Selling it for both cool and hot choice ? Including â€Å"Konjac† inside the soymilk Shake it at any rate multiple times before drinking ? Not exclusively can drink it, even can bite it ? Printed with dull in shine snow design that will sparkle white around evening time ? A warmth delicate component. In the wake of holding it for some time, it will at that point change into other shading. It is made by utilizing warm shading ink This item is particularly appropriate for youngsters, adolescent. Customarily, grown-up and senior has been constantly drinking soymilk that they are treated as essential preferred position. 4. Direct a contender investigation Even Vitasoy is the one of the biggest soymilk organizations, however there are numerous organizations plan to supplant its position. After our perception, we can partition their rivals in three sections: Direct contender, circuitous contender and Potential contender. Hey C is the principle direct contender. Greetings C has built up a few soymilk items to against Vitasoy, HI-C is the second line of Coca-Cola in Hong Kong, which appreciates a colossal asset reinforcement against Vitasoy. Melon Flavored Soymilk is the most ideal result of HI-C. As Vitasoy has just existed in this market for a long time, and turned into a family unit brand, so HI-C is still difficult to supplant Vitasoy’s position in Hong Kong. Ribena is one of the circuitous contenders for Vitasoy. These days, Hong Kong individuals consistently care their wellbeing as the main goal and Ribena gave a top notch drink which offers tasty blackcurrant taste and it gives a rich Vitamin C, it is amazing for the client to pick their item as indicated by the fitness. In spite of the fact that Vitasoy’s soymilk additionally gives a wellbeing drink to individuals, however as clients haven’t the brand reliability for each item, so Ribena ought to be the huge test for Vitasoy. Yeo’s ought to be the possible contender for Vitasoy. Despite the fact that their business sum despite everything can't undermine in the market, yet Yeo’s consistently grow new item like dark soymilk, green bean soymilk and so forth. Furthermore, their principle item is natural soymilk, this can pull in an ever increasing number of individuals to purchase their items, so we show them to the expected contender with Vitasoy. 5. ) Justify the client fragment, focusing on and situating methodologies In agreement with the information of client investigation, we focus on the gathering of youngsters, adolescents and family for our new item as they are in the enormous popluation. Our new item is named as â€Å"sparkling soy milk†. It is Vitasoy soybean milk with Konjac, which builds the components of supplement. Also, will shake it before utilization. Clients can make fun with such beverage into the exhausting life. As we probably am aware, in Hong Kong, females are in the larger part. The item appearance will build their buying interest. So as to grab the eye of female clients, the beverage will be spruced up with shine in-dull snow example and warmth delicate element on the bundling, which will have celebration air and sentimental inclination. Actually, the beverage bundling is additionally giving the warm and bright standpoint to pull in family bunch for procurement. The beverage comprises of two sizes, 330ml and 500ml in volumes, which give choices to various buyers. During the advancement, we will utilize both â€Å"above the line† and â€Å"below the line† methodologies. For the â€Å"above the line† methodologies, Road Show and MTR ad are our first dispatch. We will likewise acquaint the beverage with clients by means of web, for example, Facebook and Yahoo site, along with promotions on teenagers’ magazine. For the â€Å"below the line† techniques, we will put the limited time materials, for example, store flag and special corner on the store to draw the ustomers’ consideration. Moreover, we will convey the free example at the thickness of group areas, Causeway Bay, Mong Kok, to let the well known taste our item. We will contact essential and optional schools to offer the limited time acquisition of our new item with unique markdown. Contrasted and our different items and other comparable beverages i n the market, we will propose selling the new beverage at HKD 4. 50 for every jug (for little one) and HKD 6. 50 for each container (for enormous one). Buyers can get the beverages from markets, 7-Eleven, Circle K and other self utilization machine. These spots can let our items to get reach of shoppers at whenever and anyplace. It is a lot of appropriate for occupied individuals in Hong Kong. †¢ Advertising and Promotion procedures/strategies 1. Recognize the general marking procedures Base on the consequence of the natural filtering, we find that our objective clients will be youngsters and adolescents. Furthermore, our pr

Breaking A Social Norm free essay sample

For my sociology try different things with breaking a social standard I went to a recreation center, yet as opposed to strolling around in a forward movement like individuals ordinarily do, I chose to perceive what sort of social responses I would get if I somehow managed to walk in reverse. I began strolling in reverse when I escaped the vehicle. There was nobody in the parking area, however I wasn’t sure on the off chance that anybody could see me from a separation. It wasnt a decent outing, yet it likewise wasnt coming down. I was all the while trusting I would experience a decent lot of individuals. I back sold my way to the path and saw three young ladies out yonder, they were remaining around taking in the view. One young lady saw me in a split second, and afterward I had each of the three young ladies taking a gander at me with confounded looks. As I strolled nearer they all appeared to get enveloped with themselves, and they didn’t take a gander at me or state anything as I strolled by. So I continued strolling and got one final brisk look before I adjusted a corner. I strolled past a Jogger on the path that Just didnt appear to notice or care. I sat down on a seat to rest my legs. Its harder to stroll all over slopes hen you are strolling in reverse. I saw a couple descending the path, so I stood up and began strolling in reverse around 10 feet before them. The female didnt take a gander at me, yet the male looked and didnt appear to mind on the off chance that I saw him peering toward the circumstance. He even had a half grin all over when he was attempting to make sense of things. I strolled for a couple of moments like this until I got to a region before a scaffold crossing, so I pulled off the path to the side to let the couple pass me. Neither welcomed nor even took a gander at me. Likewise on my way back up the path, I experienced two men clasping hands n a seat, both welcomed me as I strolled by and one asked Are you having a fabulous time? , to which I answered Yes, bless your heart. . Those were the main individuals I saw during my hour trek around the recreation center. I assessed the responses I got from the various individuals I experienced. Each gathering of individuals that I met put some sort of casual social assen ts upon me. The females that I saw appeared to be deterred, disregarding me like I wasnt there. The sprinter Just didnt appear to mind or notice what I was doing. The couple saw me, however it appeared the male and female responded in an unexpected way. Like he past females I had experienced, the young lady appeared to be deterred needing nothing to do with me. Be that as it may, the person appeared to be delighted and thought the circumstance was somewhat clever. I think since it was somewhat risky and inept what I was doing (strolling down a smooth path in the recreation center in reverse), however it unquestionably caused me to feel like the oddball. None of these individuals needed to be related with me Just on the grounds that I was strolling in reverse. The two guys (who I expect to be gay) appeared to be progressively agreeable and tolerating with me disregarding a standard. Maybe being gay and falling outside the social standard permits them to be progressively secure while ncountering other standard infringement. At the point when I strolled past individuals at the recreation center it was somewhat interesting. Within I was figuring how dumb this must look, and how it wasnt even useful to walk this way. My internal cop was disclosing to me that it wasnt normal and somewhat perilous. If I somehow managed to slip or fall into any other individual while I was doing it, it would be my issue. I wouldnt state it was awkward not fitting in with a social standard. Be that as it may, the standard infringement itself was awkward. Strolling in reverse is harder to do at that point strolling advances, and it harms your neck investigating your houlder for the entire walk. The experience was certainly an intriguing gander at how it must feel to be an outcast. This investigation assisted with demonstrating that social standards are noteworthy in the public eye. I wasnt sure how individuals would respond, yet it appeared to be obvious that similarity strongly affects individuals. I got the opportunity to perceive how people groups characters change when somebody is breaking a basic ordinary social standard. Strolling in reverse as opposed to strolling advances separates you from individuals and it makes you the oddball. This was an extremely basic investigation, yet in addition happened to wind up being a great deal of fun.

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle With so many blogs out there competing for  thought leadership, it can be hard to create one that stands out. By using MindMeister and your Kindle or a similar e-book reader, you can put together high-value content thats sure to be heard through the web noise. It all starts with finding the relevant sources you need and mapping out your content  in a digital, visual way. Inspired by a  great article about content marketing on the FINN PR blog, weve put together a quick guide  that will enable you to efficiently create  quality content for your blog. 1. Find the Sources You Need for Your Research Writing a high-value content  all begins with good research. You want to look for  studies, surveys, academic papers and e-books that can provide you with unique insights and accurate  data. You can simply start by searching on Amazonâ€"with one of the largest selections of e-books on the Internet, youll almost certainly find a number of books that cover your content there. If youre looking into  a slightly more niche topic, a good place to look for sources is Google Scholar, Googles free search engine that indexes full text or metadata of scholarly literature. Be sure to check out their search tips to get the best results. Alternatively, you can browse the  databases of universities, which often publish their own research papers, or use online libraries such as the Internet Archive or online journals such as PLOS ONE or JSTOR  to search for material. Note that some of these services arent free, so if youre on a budget, a good way to save money is to become a member at a library that subscribes to these  databases. Youll usually be able to visit the library website from your own home andâ€"using your login credentialsâ€"access thousands of papers for very little money. 2. Collect Material on Your Kindle and  Highlight Key Ideas After youve collected a nice selection of sources, its best to gather them all in one place. Your e-book reader  is the perfect platform to do so because you can simply take the whole library with you and dig into the research whenever you have some timeâ€"in bed, on your commute to the office or in the doctors waiting room. Using the Kindles highlighting feature  you can mark  important information in the text that you want to reference or quote in your article. Thoughts, questions or ideas that pop into your head while reading can also be saved, using the Note feature. All in all,  your e-book reader just  makes it incredibly easy to stay  organized and sift through loads of information in an efficient way. 3. Transfer  Books onto Your Kindle If youve bought e-books on Amazon, youll be able to download them wirelessly  onto your Kindle.  To transfer  PDFs or Kindle files youve acquired elsewhere, connect your Kindle to your computer via USB  and use your file browser to drag and drop the PDF onto the device. 4. View  Your Highlights and Notes There are three ways to view your Kindle notes and highlights: 1) To view the highlights and notes of a specific book directly on your Kindle, just open the book and tap on Go to in the header. In the dialog that opens, select the Notes register. 2) A collection of all your highlights and notes from all your e-books can be viewed on the Your Highlights page online. Note however that highlights you made in your  PDFs are not included in this collection. 3) You can connect your Kindle to your computer via USB and copy the whole My Clippings.txt file onto your hard drive. This method seems to export highlights from PDFs as well, and you can open and read this plain text file without any special tools. Please note that some publishers create a clipping limit for their books which is oftentimes in the range of 10-20% of the whole text. This doesnt limit the number of highlights you can make in the e-book itself, but it does limit  the amount of highlights you can view  on your highlights page online or export in the text file. 5. Export Kindle Highlights to MindMeister Mind Maps The more you read about your subject the harder it is  to remember all the different opinions, facts, pros and cons you want to include in your article. If you sit down and try to get started on the text  right away, youll have a hard time turning all the different bits and pieces of information into a coherent text thats both  logical and keeps the reader engaged. Thats why its so important not to jump head over heels into the writing process. Before you even open your Word document,  you need to get a good overview of all arguments, ideas and quotes group related pieces of information identify  connections, holes and possible contradictions in your arguments outline  a coherent structure A mind map is the ideal format for this workflow because it allows you to visualize all arguments  on a two-dimensional canvas, draw connections between them and freely move them around until youve created the perfect structure. There are a number of different tools you can use to extract your highlights, such as Bookcision (free; downloads all highlights from an e-book), Sumnotes (free; extracts highlights from PDF files), and  Clippings.io (€1.49 per month for the Chrome extension; import, organize and export all your highlights). These are all fantastic tools and you should definitely look into them if you want to organize  your entire highlight library and make it searchable. If your goal is to prepare a specific article and quickly get only a limited number of  highlights into a mind map, we find that the easiest method is this: Step 1: Copy your My Clippings.txt file onto your computer as outlined above. Step 2: Create a new MindMeister mind map and write the title of your blog post in the center. Step 3: Open the text file and copy-paste the highlights into the mind map, turning each individual highlight into a new topic (bubble).  Paste the source of the highlight into the Notes section of the topic. This way youll keep the canvas nice and clean, but youll still be able to come back and check each arguments source. Step 4: Add other sources to your mind map, such as YouTube videos or arguments from online articles. You can simply paste the URLs of online sources onto the topics to create clickable links. Step 5: Move topics around to group related ideas. Use numbered icons to indicate the order of arguments. When youre done, your mind map could look something like this: 6. Write  Your Article Now its time to convert  your visual outline  to a piece of high-value content blog post. There are two ways to do this. 1.  Keep the mind map open on the left side of your desktop and open a new text document next to it. This way youll be able to keep an eye on the map at all times while you write the article. 2. Right-click on the center topic in the map and select Tools Copy as Text from the menu. This will open a little dialog where you can copy all map contents and paste them into your text document, where you can then expand on each argument further. By taking advantage of your Kindle and the mind mapping technique  youll be able to efficiently  create high-value content for your blogâ€"without getting lost in the research. This approach will keep you organized, and lead you to well-thought-out articles that keep audiences engaged. Get started with mind mapping Sign up for MindMeister Sign up for MindMeister

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle With so many blogs out there competing for  thought leadership, it can be hard to create one that stands out. By using MindMeister and your Kindle or a similar e-book reader, you can put together high-value content thats sure to be heard through the web noise. It all starts with finding the relevant sources you need and mapping out your content  in a digital, visual way. Inspired by a  great article about content marketing on the FINN PR blog, weve put together a quick guide  that will enable you to efficiently create  quality content for your blog. 1. Find the Sources You Need for Your Research Writing a high-value content  all begins with good research. You want to look for  studies, surveys, academic papers and e-books that can provide you with unique insights and accurate  data. You can simply start by searching on Amazonâ€"with one of the largest selections of e-books on the Internet, youll almost certainly find a number of books that cover your content there. If youre looking into  a slightly more niche topic, a good place to look for sources is Google Scholar, Googles free search engine that indexes full text or metadata of scholarly literature. Be sure to check out their search tips to get the best results. Alternatively, you can browse the  databases of universities, which often publish their own research papers, or use online libraries such as the Internet Archive or online journals such as PLOS ONE or JSTOR  to search for material. Note that some of these services arent free, so if youre on a budget, a good way to save money is to become a member at a library that subscribes to these  databases. Youll usually be able to visit the library website from your own home andâ€"using your login credentialsâ€"access thousands of papers for very little money. 2. Collect Material on Your Kindle and  Highlight Key Ideas After youve collected a nice selection of sources, its best to gather them all in one place. Your e-book reader  is the perfect platform to do so because you can simply take the whole library with you and dig into the research whenever you have some timeâ€"in bed, on your commute to the office or in the doctors waiting room. Using the Kindles highlighting feature  you can mark  important information in the text that you want to reference or quote in your article. Thoughts, questions or ideas that pop into your head while reading can also be saved, using the Note feature. All in all,  your e-book reader just  makes it incredibly easy to stay  organized and sift through loads of information in an efficient way. 3. Transfer  Books onto Your Kindle If youve bought e-books on Amazon, youll be able to download them wirelessly  onto your Kindle.  To transfer  PDFs or Kindle files youve acquired elsewhere, connect your Kindle to your computer via USB  and use your file browser to drag and drop the PDF onto the device. 4. View  Your Highlights and Notes There are three ways to view your Kindle notes and highlights: 1) To view the highlights and notes of a specific book directly on your Kindle, just open the book and tap on Go to in the header. In the dialog that opens, select the Notes register. 2) A collection of all your highlights and notes from all your e-books can be viewed on the Your Highlights page online. Note however that highlights you made in your  PDFs are not included in this collection. 3) You can connect your Kindle to your computer via USB and copy the whole My Clippings.txt file onto your hard drive. This method seems to export highlights from PDFs as well, and you can open and read this plain text file without any special tools. Please note that some publishers create a clipping limit for their books which is oftentimes in the range of 10-20% of the whole text. This doesnt limit the number of highlights you can make in the e-book itself, but it does limit  the amount of highlights you can view  on your highlights page online or export in the text file. 5. Export Kindle Highlights to MindMeister Mind Maps The more you read about your subject the harder it is  to remember all the different opinions, facts, pros and cons you want to include in your article. If you sit down and try to get started on the text  right away, youll have a hard time turning all the different bits and pieces of information into a coherent text thats both  logical and keeps the reader engaged. Thats why its so important not to jump head over heels into the writing process. Before you even open your Word document,  you need to get a good overview of all arguments, ideas and quotes group related pieces of information identify  connections, holes and possible contradictions in your arguments outline  a coherent structure A mind map is the ideal format for this workflow because it allows you to visualize all arguments  on a two-dimensional canvas, draw connections between them and freely move them around until youve created the perfect structure. There are a number of different tools you can use to extract your highlights, such as Bookcision (free; downloads all highlights from an e-book), Sumnotes (free; extracts highlights from PDF files), and  Clippings.io (€1.49 per month for the Chrome extension; import, organize and export all your highlights). These are all fantastic tools and you should definitely look into them if you want to organize  your entire highlight library and make it searchable. If your goal is to prepare a specific article and quickly get only a limited number of  highlights into a mind map, we find that the easiest method is this: Step 1: Copy your My Clippings.txt file onto your computer as outlined above. Step 2: Create a new MindMeister mind map and write the title of your blog post in the center. Step 3: Open the text file and copy-paste the highlights into the mind map, turning each individual highlight into a new topic (bubble).  Paste the source of the highlight into the Notes section of the topic. This way youll keep the canvas nice and clean, but youll still be able to come back and check each arguments source. Step 4: Add other sources to your mind map, such as YouTube videos or arguments from online articles. You can simply paste the URLs of online sources onto the topics to create clickable links. Step 5: Move topics around to group related ideas. Use numbered icons to indicate the order of arguments. When youre done, your mind map could look something like this: 6. Write  Your Article Now its time to convert  your visual outline  to a piece of high-value content blog post. There are two ways to do this. 1.  Keep the mind map open on the left side of your desktop and open a new text document next to it. This way youll be able to keep an eye on the map at all times while you write the article. 2. Right-click on the center topic in the map and select Tools Copy as Text from the menu. This will open a little dialog where you can copy all map contents and paste them into your text document, where you can then expand on each argument further. By taking advantage of your Kindle and the mind mapping technique  youll be able to efficiently  create high-value content for your blogâ€"without getting lost in the research. This approach will keep you organized, and lead you to well-thought-out articles that keep audiences engaged. Get started with mind mapping Sign up for MindMeister Sign up for MindMeister

David Hume and His Thoughts Essay - 741 Words

David Hume and His Thoughts Hume begins his argument by observing that there is â€Å"a great variety of taste, as well as of opinions, which prevails the world.† This diversity is found among people of the same background and culture within the same group and is even more pronounced among â€Å"distance nations and remote ages.† A â€Å"standard of taste† would provide a definite way to reconcile this diversity. By taste, Hume refers to impressions or emotional responses associated with beauty and ugliness. Each person perceives beauty differently or, in other words, â€Å"Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.† Hume then starts to outline this thesis. Sentiments are subjective and can neither be right or†¦show more content†¦Beauty, however, exists in the minds of the individuals contemplating it and thus each individual perceives beauty differently. 3. 5 Principles of Taste of the Ideal Critic The Ideal Critic possesses delicacy of taste, practice, unprejudiced mind, ability to engage in comparison, and overall good sense. Hume defines â€Å"delicacy of taste† as thus: â€Å"where the organs are so fine, as to allow nothing to escape them, and at the same time so exact as to perceive every ingredient in the composition.† He then uses the story of the two kinsmen from Don Quixote to illustrate this concept. The main point of this story is that some individuals are more sensitive to subtle differences in an artwork and that delicacy of taste is required to make a judgment. The ideal critic can improve their â€Å"delicacy of taste† through practice and comparison. In order to do so, the critic must free the mind from prejudice by being a disinterested observer. The last attribute of an ideal critic is good sense, which means the ideal critic must be intelligent and rational. 4. Characteristics that Account for Differences in Taste Hume identifies two characteristics that may account for the differences of taste: â€Å"the different humors of men† and â€Å"particular manners and opinions of our age and country.† Maturity, character, position, and culture are unavoidable influences on the judgmentsShow MoreRelatedEssay on David Humes Theory of Knowledge858 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual units of thought. This theory of knowledge belonged to David Hume, a Scottish philosopher. Hume was born on April 26, 1711, as his family’s second son. His father died when he was an infant and left his mother to care for him, his older brother, and his sister. David Hume passed through ordinary classes with great success, and found an early love for literature. 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Educated at home and then at the University of Edinburgh; here he stu dies law but then decides to pursue an independent study of his own ideas (Sartre 132). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;From 1734 to 1737 Hume was busy writing his book, A TreatiseRead MoreThe Age of Reason1424 Words   |  6 PagesThesis: To discuss the philosophers who participated and had an affect in The Age of Reason. OUTLINE I. David Hume A. Contributions to the Age of Reason B. Who and what influenced him II. Jean Jacques Rousseau A. What he believed in B. Who influenced him III. Claude Adrien Helvetius A. Influences B. Reasons for contribution IV. Immanuel Kant A. How he made a difference B. Why he made a difference C. What caused him to make a difference V. Johann Fichte A. Influences Read MoreThis semester we have been studying various philosophers, and from those philosophers only one has1000 Words   |  4 Pagesphilosophers only one has been able to get ethics right and that would be David Hume. 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We cannot lean on common sense to exemplify human conduct without offering any clarification to the subject. In other words, Hume says that since human beings do, as a matter of fact, live and function in this world, observation of how humans do so is imminent. The primaryRead MoreComparing David Hume and Immanuel Kant Essay1356 Words   |  6 PagesComparing David Hume and Immanuel Kant David Hume and Immanuel Kant each made a significant break from other theorists in putting forward a morality that doesn’t require a higher being or god, for a man to recognize his moral duty. Although Hume and Kant shared some basic principals they differed on their view of morality. In comparing the different views on human will and the maxims established to determine moral worth by David Hume and Immanuel Kant, I find their theories on morality have some

Theories Of The Medi The World Of Wikipedia - 1809 Words

Emily Blake 7706716 CMN2160 B Theories of the Media The username I have created for the purpose of this assignment is EmilyBlake1296. As my contribution to the world of Wikipedia, I have added information on the Wikipedia page for the International Women’s Fraternity Delta Delta Delta. I have added information to topics like Philanthropy, Leadership, Significant Insignia and Hazing. I have provided a copy of what I have written below. I have also made minor corrections to spelling and grammar from previously added information. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Delta_Delta To date, Tri Delta members have raised more than $45 million for the children of St. Jude. This achievement has been successful by the deep commitment of the Tri Delta collegiate and alumnae members from all across North America. Like St Jude Children s Research Hospital, CHEO is a pediatric health and research center providing family-centered patient care, pioneering breakthrough research, and training the health care professionals of tomorrow. Tri Delta provides academic opportunities for collegiate women through scholarships awarded through the fraternity. Currently, there are over 40 scholarships available to collegiate members across North America, recognizing the importance of academic success. Any initiated undergraduate and graduate collegiate members are eligible to apply. In addition, several chapter members may qualify for specific scholarships funds based on certainShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Electronic Media on Performance of Students11847 Words   |  48 Pageshave already formed of their own identities based on someone elses opinions, what they should think and feel. Without realizing it, they can start picking up someone elses opinions instead of forming their own with the way the media is today (Wikipedia, 2009). 1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM It cannot be over emphasized that the television, mobile phones and internet media have taken a center stage in our daily activities especially in the 21st Century with the emergence and consolidation of different

Iibm Emba Production and Operation Management - 1513 Words

Semester II Examination Papers IIBM Institute of Business Management Semester-II Examination Paper MM.100 Production and Operation Management Section A: Objective Type (30 marks) †¢ †¢ †¢ This section consists of Multiple choice questions Short Notes type questions. Answer all the questions. Part One questions carry 1 mark each Part Two questions carry 5 marks each. Part One: Multiple choices: 1. If the number of restrictions on sources be ‘a’ and the number of restrictions on destinations be ‘b’ then with the use of ‘stepping stone procedure’, the number of ‘used cells’ will be a. a+b+1 b. a+b+2 c. a-b-1 d. a+b-1 2. Value of smoothing coefficient ‘Î ±Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ lies a. Between 1 and ∞ b. Between 0 and 1 c.†¦show more content†¦Once a file clerk received the file. Clerks delivered files to underwriters on an hourly basis throughout the day. The average file clerk was paid $8,300 per year. One special file clerk was used full time to search for requested files that another file clerk had not been able to find in the expected place. It was estimated that 40 percent of the requested files were these â€Å"no hit† files requiring a search. Often these â€Å"no hit† files were eventually found stacked in the requester’s office. The primary â€Å"customers† of the file clerks were underwriters and claims attorneys. UNDERWRITING Company management and operations analysts were consistently told that the greatest problem in the company was the inability of file clerks to supply files in a speedy fashion. The entire company from top to bottom viewed the productivity and effectiveness of the department as unacceptable. An underwriter used 20-50 files per day. Because of their distrust of the files department, underwriters tended to hoard often used files. A count by operations analysts found that each underwriter kept from 100-200 files in his or her office at any one time. An underwriter would request a file by computer and work on other business until the file was received. Benson employed 25 underwriters. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM Upper management

Counseling Process Which Give Participants â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Counseling Process Which Give Participants? Answer: Introducation Open ended questions- These are tools used in a counseling process which give participants chance to express their answers without limiting them(Charles, 2016). Example a counselor can ask; tell me the variety of vegetables you consume? Affirmations- It is a strategy that a counselor conveys to the participant to understand is being empathized(Rosengren, 2015). Example: Congratulation it seems you understand the types of vegetables variety that your body requires for healthy living Reflective listening- It is a special type of listening that lets the participant understand that they are being heard and understood(Charles, 2016). Example the counselor can use gestures like crossing their arms. Summaries- they are strategies where counselors use one general theme to combine participants several thoughts or feelings(Charles, 2016). Example the counselor can summarize: I understand your predicament originating from several responsibilities bestowed to you. Clarifications- It is a strategy that can be used in counseling process to make the participant mention or repeat a key fact. Example You mentioned earlier that you are divorced is that so? Reviewing- They are used to understand the participants entry behavior. Example, in our last session we were able to agree on . Building rapport- It building a creative environment that makes a client to feel comfortable and at ease(Rosengren, 2015). Example I see..Go on..yes thats true. There are two scenarios that can face counselors include: Mental health disorders (stress, anxiety, relationships) and self-esteem problems (disabilities, withdrawals). Solutions will be limited to psychological therapy and bereavement counseling(Rosengren, 2015). Counselors can use cognitive resonance that allows the patient to identify the pros and cons caused by the risky behavior or problem. The counselor can use motivational interviewing like if you change your behavior your health will improve. The counselor can use the phrase your past is unforgettable but lets focus on the current problem.. The counselor can use the following to review and monitor: reflecting back, clarifying, summarizing and questions that show interest. By reflecting back on the issues and allowing the respondent to express emotions and feelings without interruptions. That can be achieved by allowing clients independence in owning the entire process. Reviewing unresolved issues increases cognitive nature of respondents to continue with the discussions. Judging makes a conclusion which should be done at right time if done late it leads lack of more informations. Examples: the client agrees yes thanking nodding the head signs of impatient movements. The role of client in end of counseling is to show room to change and acceptance to the counseling process. The ending session is important in creating acceptance to change and setting date for the next session. The boundaries created between the two at the beginning are important in creating professionalism and formalizing the counseling process. Five things for ending session are summarizing, giving client time ask questions, make referrals, and make next appointments, record key events of next sessions. By using phase, I think we discussed several key points today, we have agreed that..is that sounds true. Lets plan an extra time for One ethical practice in counseling is seeking private consent of the client before making any recordings. It enables the counselor to choose one effective model approved by the organization as part of the intervention. The policy of organization is to maintain record of their clients for future reference Knowing you limits of counseling prevents further conflicts or addressing wrong things. If that happen a clarification is done. Both client and counselor need to work in suitable safe environment and they sign contracts of peaceful process no physical violence. The dilemma is that privacy needs to be maintained of two clients even though related. Solution is to maintain privacy of both clients. The ethical code is that privacy of clients needs to be maintained. The counselor needs not to label the clients, interrogating, judging and coaxing the clients A case where the client is unable to express feelings and emotions Obstacles include: interference from environment, language barrier, institution policies previously counseling in the last 100 years was counselor centered but current is client centered. Today counseling as formed part of psychotherapy for non-physical health problems Assessment task two: case study The issues include: friends bullying, parents separations, lack of motherly love and aggression at home. Each of the issue will be tackled and discussed separately. Ruth does not want anyone to know her visits, she is agitated and unhappy. Strategy is to assure privacy, make brief introduction to encourage rapport and empathize with her. The underlying issues include being bullying, childhood memories of parent conflicts, and lack of parent care. The issues will be addresses by listening and asking more open ended questions. The primary concern is that Ruth is ruthless violent, aggressive and faces alcoholism. To tackle the concerns the counselor will use reflective listening and open ended questions. The indicators of future behavior change include lack of aggression, non-violent behavior and appreciation of love. A joint session is needed in a different session to clarify parental love. Reflection of events of the past need to be reviewed before linking it with the current situation. Ruth will be allowed to explain childhood experience and emotions. Ruth is a social and assertive useful in expressing emotions and imputes to change behavior. The counseling process will be guided by the code of ethics and assurance of friendship. Ruth lack of trust and acceptance of changes occurring can hinder any results counseling process Ruth will fear that something will happen from childhood memories thus lacking concentration with the process. Explaining to her that I empathize with her but assuring that nothing will happen First allow Ruth to explain what happened and stop the sessions by setting a counseling session with the parents combine. References Charles, B. (2016). Changing behaviour: using counselling theraphy. Waterdown : Pathfinder international . Rosengren, D. (2015). Building motivational interviewing skills: a practioner workbook. Newyork: Guilford Press.

Baskin Robbins Marketing Research Case Study free essay sample

This case summarizes the marketing research to be performed for the logo redesign project of Baskin Robbins. Case Analysis Baskin-Robbins Brand Officer Ken Kimmel felt it was important to conduct this study because the frozen-food retailing industry had become more hostile to Baskin-Robbins in recent years. A few entrants such as Cold Stone Creamery and others had popularized the in-store experience. Cold Stone Creamerys sales were now almost 75 percent of Baskin-Robbins sales. The contest has changed since the mid-1980s. Customers are more demanding about the hospitality experience. They earn more money and they can buy comparable ice creams to Baskin-Robbins in grocery stores now. While BR’s competitors are pushing this mix-in experience a higher price theater experience. The main purpose of the Baskin-Robbins corporate study was to decide whether or not they should change their logo to gain a competitive advantage. They are also using this study to find out the implications of a change of logo, and a change in the way the stores are designed. We will write a custom essay sample on Baskin Robbins Marketing Research Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The key questions the Baskin-Robbins brand team is addressing are: should the brand logo be changed to signal something new is happening at Baskin-Robbins? If the logo is changed would there be synergy between the logo changed and the redesign interiors? Also, changing the interior of stores will offer a lot of complications with the franchisees. A main concern is whether or not these franchisees would be willing to buy into the new ideas, considering that they have invested a lot into the franchise. The management of Baskin Robbins wants to change logo based on the customer reaction towards old logo and new logo after showing the drawings of the new logo and new redesign of the stores. The research design to be adopted should be exploratory research that can be based on the focus groups and direct interviews with the customer. Also observational research can be used to perform the research on how the customer reacts to the visits to the store and their reaction during the direct interview with the interviewer on the store and logo redesign. Approach for the research should be developed. Approach can consist of multiple research options such as direct interviews, focus groups and observational research. Research design can include the form of the research for each of the approach. A questionnaire can be designed to have direct interviews with the customers visiting the store. An observational form can be designed to capture the observations during the direct interviews. Secondary data have been collected for purposes other than the problem at hand. These data can be quickly located and are not expensive. Syndicated data are the compiled data available from the external agencies that can be used for the marketing research problem. These data are available in bulk. The secondary and syndicated data can be used for the research. Customer can be interviewed based on their location by an internet survey or a telephonic call to gather details about their perspective on Baskin Robbins old logo and their experience with the store. Conclusion Marketing research plays an important role in decision making. Professionally done marketing research are practical provides a value to management.

American International Bank Case Study

American International Bank Case Study Executive Summary American International Bank has been a beacon of success in wholesale banking services across the world. The company has numerous branches overseas that operate in harmony with the bank’s headquarters in New York. However, the company has clear challenges that threaten its ability to maintain a pole leadership position in the banking sector.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on American International Bank specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It lacks an integrated system, personalized manual services and an outstanding data management. As such, the bank ought to establish an integrated telecommunication network that will enhance its efficiency. From different alternatives available, it is important for the bank to adopt WAN and VPN owing to numerous benefits it stands to reap. Introduction American International Bank (AIB) uses a business model that reflects manual completion of tasks. While we c onsider that AIB is one of the most profitable banks in the US, the company could increase its profit margin by improving its business model to suit its needs. The current model has provided loopholes through which the company stands to lose in terms of cash owing to inefficiencies. The following is an analysis of problems that the company faces owing to poor business model. Summary of the Problem and Analysis Apparently, American International Bank seems to have numerous challenges that have hindered its efficiency. The bank lacks an integrated information system. This has in turn resulted to poor monitoring of overseas branches since the general manager (Tamara), has to take over a month to retrieve information regarding the bank’s operations. As such, information retrieval costs the company huge amounts of resources in terms of time as well as inaccurate data presentation. Considering that many bank’s operations are located overseas and its need for a positive globa l image, such objectives will remain elusive for the bank with fragmented information system that continue to typify its operations. The managers continue to visit the headquarters to discuss any emergent issue and present their reports. As Tamara agrees, it is hard to understand the current business standpoint since reports take at least three months to be processed. This is despite their proneness to inaccuracies and inability to predict the bank’s future performance. Second, the bank also suffers from increased personalized services delivery. Currently, the company faces a momentous challenge to establish a free flowing system in which its branch managers will be able to monitor customers’ accounts without necessarily having to embark on personalized inquiries. Indeed, this type of communication is vulnerable to emotions and may be detrimental if managers fail to live up to its principles.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see i f we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This might also imply that a simple business miscalculation by a branch manager may reduce clients’ trust substantially. As such, AIB should not allow personalized services to characterize its operations although the aspect has been one of the major strengths of the bank. It is important to notice that personalized services can also be achieved by implementing the right business and technology models. Third, the bank faces an upheaval task of reconciling transactions. Automated systems where customers may be able to handle all of their bank transactions is lacking in the company. The branch managers keep the manual statements. This raises the fear of data backup in case of an accident. Considering that the current data processing systems is dysfunctional, the company’s business model lacks elaborate data management. Finally, the emerging problems have reduced the effectiveness of the manage ment team. Tamara highlights that the bank made substantial errors in credit authorization. Lack of coordination amongst banks’ branches has made different managers to authorize different credit limits by almost 140%. Subsequently, the bank stands to lose immense amount of money due to ineffective management department. In fact, lack of coordination amongst various branches has led to crises in which the branch managers pin point the importance of an efficient system that is free of errors and enhances the bank’s ability to deliver quality services to customers and clients. As such, there is an apparent need for a new system. Discussion: Solution to the problem How can AIB improve its efficiency and remain profitable? The organization ought to integrate its information systems to avoid its current hiccups experienced in its operations. The bank can explore various alternatives. Chiefly, the organization may decide to utilize network connectivity that does not only enha nce communication amongst its branches but also enhance data management. With such a system, the bank will be able to monitor its managers and its clients. However, for the management to effectively handle its information system there is the need for the clients to adapt to a new way through which they will be able to access bank’s transactions in an automated way. Although the capital cost of such solution remains considerably high, AIB ought to understand that implementation of a new integrated system will not only ease the flow of data but also enhance improved services for the organization (Trotta 47). Strategy To overhaul the current system is a hard task although it is worth it in the end. It implies that the bank ought to assume a strategy given the fact that change is a gradual and a systematic process in all organizations. Strategic planning will entail the prioritization of areas that the bank feels are most inefficient.Advertising We will write a custom cas e study sample on American International Bank specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The replacement of the system should be a top down strategy where branch managers ought to be integrated into the system at the beginning (Trotta 12). Although the use of manual methods of transaction may continue for a while, the managers ought to have an efficient and a networked system ahead of all departments due to the sensitivity of their tasks. Subsequently, after a successful rolling out of the project, there is the need for the managers to enhance an efficient system by facilitating the clients to transact with an automated system. By so doing, the company will be able to have a full network and an integrated system in which data storage, retrieval and management will be much easier than earlier on. It is important for technological change agents (Tamara and Pamela) to be wary of resistance to change. While many organizations appreciate the role of change in their organizations, they comprehend that it is not an easy task and requires strong change management skills (Trotta 23). To that end, the change agents will have the responsibility of explaining the rationale to the branches located overseas. Besides, it is important for change agents to explain the benefits that the organization will stand to gain by integrating its system. For customers, implementing radical changes may present a huge challenge and the clients will need to comprehend the role of technology in the banking system. Trotta says that change initiators should be ready to quell any resistance by customers to embrace change by explaining how they will benefit (41). Recommendations AIB could explore various telecommunication networks and arrive at those that suit their business needs. Wide Area Network (WAN) represents a network that will enable the bank to have a broader coverage of business operations (Laudon and Laudon 45). The telecommunication network enhances o rganizations to relay data to different stakeholders of the bank including employees, stockholders, customers among many others who are located in varied geographical areas. It transfers data over increased distances and utilizes localized computer networks. In this case, AIB will be able to transmit data from and to different branches overseas and enhance it efficiency. Currently, each branches has at least one computer which could be used to enhance WAN’s efficiency.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Second, the bank may explore the properties of Virtual Private Network (VPN) to enhance its information systems. VPN refers to infrastructural network in which an individual may be able to enhance security of information flow (Groth and Skandler 10). It includes the internet. Trotta explicates that VPN allows users and organizations to have a private domain where there is limited access to specific sites (45). This way, the top management team will be able to enhance privacy of information that may relate to the organization. Alternatives Other alternatives that company will explore to enhance branch interconnectedness include core banking, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), DSL and Frame Relay. Core banking refers to the ability of having a networked system amongst branches in which customers can access banking services and other transactions from different bank branches within the larger banking system. Currently, the apparent lack of an integrated system has made the customers not to access such services across all branches overseas. ATMs will also enhance the flow of data in all branches ensuring that customers will be able to access their monthly statements in ‘a click of a button’. ATMs also enhance the flow of data in the entire banking system without causing backlogs. Frame Relay refers to WAN technology that utilizes packet switching and may be preferable due its cheapness as well as its ease during configuration (Laudon and Laudon 63). Finally, AIB may use Digital Subscriber Line for its availability and fastness in connection. Conclusions and Benefits By installing an integrated system within its branches, AIB stands to gain immensely. At the outset, the bank will improve its management’s efficiency. Unlike before, the bank will have an efficient communication system in which a decision does not receive different interpretations from various branch managers. This will increase the accuracy of executing projects and initiatives wit hout having to rely on a meeting in New York for managers to compile their reports. Besides, the branch managers will be able to submit up to date reports without having to take three months to come up with a comprehensive report. Additionally, the bank stands to gain from an improved data processing and management system. Initially, the bank faced a momentous challenge in storing data and having a consequent backup system. In fact, if such risks as fire and demolition affected a branch, huge amounts of information would be lost. With an integrated system, all transactions are updated upon completion and as such, the customers can experience improved services particularly when they demand their statements. AIB will also save huge amounts of overhead expenses initially incurred. Groth and Skandler assert that organizations reduce labor costs since much of the manual work will now be done by machines (87). This implies that the company will ultimately have to down size. Besides, frequ ent meetings at the headquarters by branch managers will reduce considerably upon installation of such systems. Finally, the bank will reduce the seemingly bulky paperwork. Nonetheless, this is after deciding on the right network infrastructure to roll out. In this case, it is recommended that the bank utilize both the WAN and VPN while exploring other options such as Frame Relay, DSL, Core Banking and ATMs (Laudon and Laudon 87). Groth, David and Skandler, Toby. Network+ Study Guide, Boston, Massachusettes: Sybex Inc, 2009. Print. Laudon, James and Laudon, Peter. Essentials of Management Information Systems, New York: Prentice Hall, 2009. Print. Trotta, Gian. Information Systems Management, Irwin, New York: McGraw Hill Publishers, 2010. Print.

Effects on environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effects on environment - Research Paper Example Pollution is contamination of the natural environment and which brings about environmental degradation. Air pollution caused by industrial emission of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur and other harmful gases leads to depletion of the ozone layer which acts as a shield to protect the earth from excessive and harmful sun rays. Water pollution on the other hand which may be caused by harmful farming, mining and even industrial wastes destroy the environment by exposing it to toxic chemicals and hence killing animals and plants which depend on that water. It also leads to destruction of the soil hence rendering the area inhabitable. The excessive population growth that has been witnessed over the last century has also had its effects on the environment. The major effects include deforestation, depletion of natural resources and extinction of species of both plants and animals. As the population continues to expand and with limited land for settlement, the only alternative left is to start clearing forests and even draining swamps in order to build settlement areas. This leads to climate changes and environmental degradation. The minority species are also displaced in a â€Å"battle for the fittest† as explained by Darwin. Species like that of dinosaur which occupy large areas are killed to clear space to accommodate the excess population. Population growth also leads to increased construction which not only causes pollution which as explained earlier degrades the environment but also leads to deforestation and extraction of earth’s important minerals in the process of construction. Other environmental influencers do not however entirely bring about negative effects on the environment. Some farming techniques for example like animal farming enriches the environment by ensuring provision of manure and hence minerals. Practicing biological methods of farming where no chemicals are used also prevents degrading

Napoleon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Napoleon - Essay Example For example, in military affairs, he managed military inventions, which were necessary for the French revolution. This included the use of mass conscription enabling the use of block tactics to enhance attacks in columns. This also helped in the elimination of supply lines enabling the French armies to be mobile (Lyons, 25). History depicts that, before the reign of napoleon, France had undergone revolutionary turmoil for over a decade. Causing instability in the government and increasing incidents of corruption. It is evident that during this period church policies were rare because they triggered inflation. The citizens of France were tired of the situation, and they desired for a stable government that would ensure the stability of their lives. These changes were brought about by napoleons reign because it is his military innovations that helped the French in to secure their government. The success of the military forces established by napoleon helped him to consolidate and hold o n to power. This led to his declaration as the French emperor in the year 1804 (Lyons, 33). Politically it is evident that Napoleon was an active administrator. History depicts that the internal reforms that were put in place by Napoleon helped France in consolidating some achievements during the French revolution, enhancing the suppression of others. ... The political impact during his reign in France is also depicted from his introduction of equality as one of the essential factors in politics. This is because he thought that by introducing the concept, he would have stayed in his position with little threat. This changed the political situation in France because all men were considered equal under his power. Some of his main accomplishments in ensuring equality in the political system are evident from the establishment of Napoleonic civil codes. This made all the men equal, however; the law despised the women because the men maintained their legal powers over the women. This had an impact on the political structure of France because the hopes that the women had towards the revolution as an improvement of their legal positions were frustrated by Napoleon (Lyons, 55). Napoleon is also seen to have made a contribution to the political structure of the French government through his introduction of nationalism. History depicts that he i s one of the French leaders, who believed in nationalism as a tool that would help him obtain the loyalty of the French people during his reign. It is evident that it is this spirit of nationalism that enhanced the inspiration of the armies of the French government enabling the government to attain a remarkable series of victories. These were of enormous benefit to him as he obtained a chance to rise to power. However, this interfered with the political structure of France as it was thought to be a trick that was used, by the leader, to establish a personality cult making the French people identify him with France. This meant that by the citizens being loyal to their country France they were also being loyal to him. It is evident that

Literature Review: Organizational Development

Literature Review: Organizational Development The topic under consideration is organizational development, knowledge creation and change management. The main focus of this research is to see how the process of change management is affected by organizational development and knowledge creation. In order to get an overall view of that these broad areas are their relationship with each other, a literature review was conducted. Worren Ruddle Moore (1999) explored about how over the years people have moved from organizational development to a more holistic view which is change management. According to this article the tools used in change management and organizational development are the same but the rationale behind it is different. For example attitude surveys are used in both. In organizational development it was used to gauge job satisfaction and the climate of the organization but in change management it is part of a strategy driven and holistic change program. This article basically uses research of various other people to give us a complete picture of what change management is all about. According to them as now the scale of businesses is increasing and so is the need for having specialized firms to administer change. They talked about interventionist and integrative strategies. Interventionist strategies are used in organizational development where as integrative strategies are used in change manag ement. The variables taken from this article are change management and organizational development. These variables are very important for the research as it clearly defines what the word change management would mean when it would be used in the research. The definition also takes both the culture and structure aspect of change management into account. The authors concluded that in order to increase the standard and the overall performance of the organization the company as to use the integrative strategies because when the employees are a part of the whole process the resistance to change is minimized. Van de Ven Poole (1995) through their research gave a theoretical overview of how development and change management basically occurs. The article classifies four types development theories namely; life- cycle theory, teleological theory, dialectical theory and evolutionary theory. The authors were of the opinion that these basic theories can be used to explain how change occurs in the organization. To explain that they developed a framework with these four theories and classified companies based on the mode and unit of change at various levels of organizational development. The conclusion they drew from their research was that as the organization grew in size the motors of change also get more complex because comes into play at once. Ikujiro Nonaka(1994) gives a comprehensive view of how knowledge is created within the organizations. The main variable identified for knowledge creation is innovation. It is defined as follows Innovation is a process in which the organization creates and defines problems and then actively develops new knowledge to solve them The article also identifies three dimensions of knowledge creation. This includes epistemology, ontological and the spiral model of knowledge. The paper differentiates between codified, formal (explicit) and informal, personal information. He concluded that the organization played a very important role as far as knowledge is concerned. The organization can facilitate the creation of knowledge by encouraging socialization, internalization of codified information into tacit information etc. Choi Lee (2002) stated that knowledge creation is very important to insure a persistent positive financial growth. The authors basically classify the knowledge creation management strategies into either human or system oriented. They used empirical data to prove the link between the mode of knowledge creation and its management strategies. The authors concluded that proper grouping of the mode of knowledge being used and the strategies involved is essential to achieve the desired financial improvement. For example it the mode of knowledge creation is socialization it should be aligned with the human strategy in order for it to be effective. It also found out knowledge creation strategies different with different types of departments that are taken into account. This research also gives us guidelines for future research which includes a comparative analysis between the service and the manufacturing sector. This study basically shows how qualitative variables can be measured quantitat ively. I will be using the study as a guide when formulating the survey form etc. Bloodgood Salisbury (2001) talks about that organizations can implement change and gain and maintain a completive advantage but this cannot be achieved by knowledge creation alone. Knowledge transfer and knowledge protection is equally important. The authors have used the Resource-Based View (RBV) to explain how both types of information i.e. explicit and tacit can help in the change process and how they can be transferred to achieve long-term benefit. In the paper they identified knowledge creation as a process which is based on creativity and a shared knowledge between a group of people which can be used to make new products as well as management strategies. The authors went on to stress that it is not just creating knowledge. It would be of no use if other can get that information from your company easily or it can be altered. So the protection of the knowledge is equally important for a business to remain competitive. To ensure its safety security and legal measure should be use d. Rune Todnems (2005) paper basically talks about things which should be taken care off when conducting research in the field of change management. This article basically takes into account various researches conducted in this field and then draws consensus based on the data they have. The two main findings of this paper were as follows: Firstly, it is agreed that the pace of change has never been greater than in the current business environment (Balogun and Hope Hailey, 2004; Burnes, 2004; Carnall, 2003; Kotter, 1996; Luecke, 2003; Moran and Brightman, 2001; Okumus and Hemmington, 1998; Paton and McCalman, 2000; Senior, 2002). Secondly, there is a consensus that change, being triggered by internal or external factors, comes in all shapes, forms and sizes (Balogun and Hope Hailey, 2004; Burnes, 2004; Carnall, 2003; Kotter, 1996; Luecke, 2003), and, therefore, affects all organizations in all industries. Waddell Sohal (1998) stated that resistance is as a critically important factor that can influence the success of change management. They defined it as: Resistance, in an organizational setting, is an expression of reservation which normally arises as a response or reaction to change (Block 1989) The authors throughout the paper talked about resistance. They were of the opinion that resistance to change should not be seen as a hurdle is had its own advantages. They used a lot secondary data to put their point across. Though their research they were able to conclude that resistance from the management can actually lead to greater stability in the external environment. This conflict between the internal and the external environment which is brought about by change is actually healthy for the business as a whole. The authors also identified that resistance at time draws attention to certain aspects of change which might not be appropriate for the organization in the long run. The most important advantage concluded by them was that it results in an influx of energy within the organization which is healthy for the organization as it in turn results in higher levels of efficiency. Keller Aiken (2009) talks about some stereotypes which are prevalent about change management. They based their research on John Kotter research which was published in 1995. They basically identified some of the mistake which managers in all the organizations make then they are administrating change in the organization. The concluded that what motivate you as a person might not motivate most of the employees in the organization. So special attention should be given to the things that motivate the employees. Secondly they identified that the leaders/ managers who are bringing about the change should not believe that they are the change and just because the manager/ leader is influential you cannot guarantee effective change within the organization. They also went on to point out that good intentions of the managers are not enough to ensure that the change management will be effective. Employees all need some kind of monetary reward to ensure maximum compliance. Ash (2009) in his article basically talks about how change can be managed efficiently. He talks about the time lag between the decision is made and implemented and the results in the form of increased performance to be seen. According to him this is due to more resistance than expected by the top management from the side on the employees. He goes on to explain why organizations generally fail to minimize the negative consequences of transition. According to him most organizations do little to allay such fears and concerns which results in slow change process. People initially resist change is the uncertainty change creates. Theoretical Framework C:Documents and SettingsuserLocal SettingsTemporary Internet FilesContent.Worduntitled.bmp Hypothesis H0= organization size will have an effect on change management? H1= organization size will not have an effect on change management? H0= internal stability would have a positive effect on change management? H1= internal stability would have no or a negative effect on change management? H0= business performance will have an effect on change management? H1= business performance will not have an effect on change management? H0= knowledge creation has a positive impact on change management? H1= knowledge creation has a negative impact on change management? H0= innovation results in knowledge creation? H1= innovation does not result in knowledge creation? H0= knowledge transfer has an effect on knowledge creation? H1= knowledge transfer does not have an effect on knowledge creation? Systolic Architecture: History and Applications Systolic Architecture: History and Applications SYSTOLIC ARCHITECTURE A network of PEs that rhythmically produce and pass data through the system is called systolic architecture. It is used as a co processor in combination with a host computer and the behavior is analogous to the flow of blood through heart; thus named SYSTOLIC.  · A systolic architecture has the following characteristics : A massive and non-centralised parallelism Local communications Synchronous evaluation  · Example of systolic network 1. Linear network 2. Bi-dimensional network 3. Hexagonal network HISTORY:- The systolic architecture paradigm, data-stream-driven by data counters, is the counterpart of thevon Neumann paradigm, instruction-stream-driven by a program counter. Because a systolic architecture usually sends and receives multiple data streams, and multiple data counters are needed to generate these data streams, it supportsdata parallelism.The namederives from analogy with the regular pumping of blood by the heart. H. T. KungandCharles E. Leierson published the first paper describing systolic arrays in 1978; however, the first machine known to have used a similar technique was theColossus Mark IIin 1944. NEED FOR SYSTOLIC ARCHITECHTURE:- We need a high-performance, special-purpose computer system to meet specific application. I/O and computation imbalance is a notable problem .The concept of Systolic architecture can map high-level computation into hardware structures .Systolic system is easy to implement because of its regularity and easy to recon .Systolic architecture can result in cost-effective , high- performance special-purpose systems for a wide range of problems. An efficient approach to design very large scale integration (VLSI) architectures and a scheme for the implementation of the discrete sine transform (DST), based on an appropriate decomposition method that uses circular correlations, is presented. The proposed design uses an efficient restructuring of the computation of the DST into two circular correlations, having similar structures and only one half of the length of the original transform; these can be concurrently computed and mapped on to the same systolic array. Significant improvement in the computational speed can be obtained at a reduced input-output (I/O) cost and low hardware complexity, retaining all the other benefits of the VLSI implementations of the discrete transforms, which use circular correlation or cyclic convolution structures. These features are demonstrated by comparing the proposed design with some of the previously reported schemes. A more computationally efficient and scalable systolic architecture is provided for computing the discrete Fourier transform. The systolic architecture also provides a method for reducing the array area by limiting the number of complex multi pliers. In one embodiment, the design improvement is achieved by taking advantage of a more efficient computation scheme based on symmetries in the Fourier transform coefficient matrix and the radix-4 butterfly. The resulting design provides an array comprised of a plurality of smaller base-4 matrices that can simply be added or removed to provide scalability of the design for applications involving different transform lengths to be calculated. In this embodiment, the systolic array size provides greater flexibility because it can be applied for use with any transform length which is an integer multiple of sixteen. A systolic network is often use with a host station responsible for the communication with the outside world.As a result of the loca l-communication scheme, a systolic network is easily extended without to add any burden to the I/O. CHARACHTERSTICS OF SYSTOLIC ARCHITECHTURE:- A massive and non-centralised parallelism Local communications Synchronous evaluation Data coming from the memory are used several time before to come back to it. These architectures are well suited for a VLSI or FPGA network implementation.  · Other characteristics : A systolic network is often use with a host station responsible for the communication with the outside world. As a result of the local-communication scheme, a systolic network is easily extended without to add any burden to the I/O. PRINCIPLE OF SYSTOLIC ARCHITECHTURE:- Systolic system consists of a set interconnected cells, each capable of performing some simple operation. Systolic approach can speed up a compute-bound computation in a relatively simple and inexpensive manner. Through systolic array we achieve higher computation throughput without increasing memory bandwidth. Which means that by using systolic architechture we can speed up our system. For eg. When we are using our simple aechitecture than we can perform atmost five million operatoins per second whereas by using systolic arrays in systolic architecture we can operate the system at a speed of 30 million operations per second. WORKING:- Systolic architecture consists of simple cells arranged in some regular pattern (linear, bi-directional, triangular, hexagonal, etc.) where each cell usually performs one operation. Each processing cell is connected to its neighbour or to a neighbour hood of processing elements by short signal paths. Both parallel and pipelined execution is implemented. A function that is to be performed can be represented by a set of Functional Primitives. The systolic structure has advantages of regularity and modularity over implementations of the block-state-variable form, as it is regular and an nth order filter is simply formed by cascading second order filters. Therefore it is more suitable for the VLSI implementation. The idea is to exploit VLSI efficiently by laying out algorithms (and hence architectures) in 2-D (not all systolic machines are 2-D, but most are). The architectures thus produced are not general but tied to specific algorithms. This is good for computation-intensive tasks (e.g. signal processing). TOOLS FOR SYSTOLIC ARCHITECTURE:- SYSTOLIC ARRAY:- Incomputer architecture, asystolic arrayis a pipe network arrangement of processing units called cells. It is a specialized form ofparallel computing, where cells (i.e. processors), compute data and store it independently of each other. We need a high-performance, special-purpose computer system to meet specific application. I/O and computation imbalance is a notable problem. The concept of Systolic architecture can map high-level computation into hardware structures. Systolic system works like an automobile assembly line. Systolic system is easy to implement because of its regularity and easy to recon. Systolic architecture can result in cost-effective, high-performance special-purpose systems for a wide range of problem. Systolic Array Example: 33 Systolic Array Matrix Multiplication:- T=7 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTOLIC ARRAYS:-  · Description : It is a network of interconnected processing units. Only the processors at the border of the architecture can communicate outside. The task of one cell can be summarised as : receive-compute-transmit A systolic array is composed of matrix-like rows of data processing units called cells. Data processing unitsDPUsare similar tocentral processing units(CPU)s,(except for aprogram counter, since operation istransport-triggered, i.e., by the arrival of a data object). Each cell shares the information with its neighbors immediately after processing. The systolic array is often rectangular where data flows across the array between neighbour DPUs, often with different data flowing in different directions. The data streams entering and leaving the ports of the array are generated byauto-sequencing memoryunits, ASMs. Each ASM includes adata counter. Inembedded systemsa data stream may also be input from and/or output to an external source. An example of a systolicalgorithmmight be designed formatrix multiplication. Onematrixis fed in a row at a time from the top of the array and is passed down the array, the other matrix is fed in a column at a time from the left hand side of the array and passes from left to right. Dummy values are then passed in until each processor has seen one whole row and one whole column. At this point, the result of the multiplication is stored in the array and can now be output a row or a column at a time, flowing down or across the array. Systolic arrays are arrays of DPUs which are connected to a small number of nearest neighbour DPUs in a mesh-like topology. DPUs perform a sequence of operations on data that flows between them. Because the traditional systolic array synthesis methods have been practiced by algebraic algorithms, only uniform arrays with only linear pipes can be obtained, so that the architectures are the same in all DPUs. The consequence is that only applications with regular data dependencies can be implemented on classical systolic arrays. LikeSIMDmachines, clocked systolic arrays compute in lock-step with each processor undertaking alternate compute | communicate phases. But systolic arrays with asynchronous handshake between DPUs are calledwave front arrays. One well-known systolic array is CMUs I Warp processor, which has been manufactured by Intel. An I Warp system has a linear array processor connected by data buses going in both directions.  · Super Systolic Array : The super systolic array is a generalization of the systolic array. Because the classical synthesis methods (algebraic, i. e. projection-based synthesis), yielding only uniformDPUarrays permitting only linear pipes, systolic arrays could be used only to implement applications with regular data dependencies. By using simulated annealinginstead,Rainer Kresshas introduced the generalized systolic array: the super systolic array. Its application is not restricted to applications with regular data dependencies. Applications:- An application Example Polynomial Evaluation Horners rule for evaluating a polynomial is: y= ((((an*x+an− 1) *x+an− 2) *x+an− 3) *x+ +a1) *x+a0 A linear systolic array in which the processors are arranged in pairs: one multiplies its input byxand passes the result to the right, the next addsajand passes the result to the right. Advantages and Disadvantages:- ADVANTAGES Faster Scalable DISADVANTAGES Expensive Highly specialized for particular applications Difficult to build More about systolic architectures :- Systolic architectures are designed by using linear mapping techniques on regular dependence graphs (DG). Regular Dependence Graph : The presence of an edge in a certain direction at any node in the DG represents presence of an edge in the same direction at all nodes in the DG. DG corresponds to space representation no time instance is assigned to any computation t=0. †¢ Systolic architectures have a space-time representation where each node is mapped to a certain processing element(PE) and is scheduled at a particular time instance. Systolic design methodology maps an N-dimensional DG to a lower dimensional systolic architecture. Mapping of N-dimensional DG to (N-1) dimensional o systolic array is considered. CONCLUSION: A massively parallel processing with limited input output communication with host computer. Suitable for many interactive operations. Replace single processor with an array of regular processing elements Orchestrate data flow for high throughput with less memory access a. Different from pipelining Nonlinear array structure, multidirection data flow, each PE may have (small) local instruction and data memory Different from SIMD: each PE may do something different Initial motivation: VLSI enables inexpensive special-purpose chips Represent algorithms directly by chips connected in regular pattern BIBLIOGRAPHY:- * Text Book * http://www-old.oberon.ethz.ch/WirthPubl/AD.pdf * http://www.google.co.in/search?q=description+of+systolic+architecturehl=enrlz=1C1GGLS_enIN323IN323start=20sa=N  · http://www.cs.nctu.edu.tw/~ldvan/teaching/vlsidsp/VLSIDSP_CHAP7.pdf  · http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=enrlz=1C1GGLS_enIN323IN323q=%2Bworking+of+systolic+architectureei=lFzzSYDQO8zelQeRqaTDDAsa=Xoi=stemming_tipct=title  · http://eprints.iisc.ernet.in/6808/  · www.wikipedia.org  · http://www.google.co.in/search?rlz=1C1GGLS_enIN323IN323sourceid=chromeie=UTF-8q=description+of+systolic+architecture

Euthanasia: We Have a Right to a Peaceful Death :: Euthanasia, Physician Assisted Suicide

If there is a contemporary ethical issue which is even more explosive than abortion, it's the question of whether human beings have the right to a peaceful death (euthanasia). In my opinion, a terminally ill person should have a right to avoid pre-death pains and die as peacefully as possible. At this final stage of our presence here, we should not agonize in pointless pain but try to leave well and this implies our right to decide whether we should use euthanasia. Thus, I believe that we need a law that will confirm our rights to euthanasia. However this issue goes beyond merely a right of a certain individual for euthanasia. Many legal norms and procedures must be developed and conventional moral norms must be modified in order to accommodate euthanasia in practice in the USA. In cases of active assisted euthanasia, an assistant (doctor) should feel himself or herself morally comfortable, i.e. not viewed as a murderer. In cases of active unassisted euthanasia a dying person should not be judged as a person who committed suicide. As to the procedures that the government must develop they should ensure that there is a minimum chance of abuse of euthanasia. (Sasha, your part) Abuse aside, it is important that euthanasia does not become simply an expedient solution to the problem of the care for elderly. Nowadays in the United States, even a somewhat healthy elderly person after a certain age comes under a growing social pressure to enter a nursing home, so as to solve the problem of his or her care. Similar pressure (even if to a different degree) to exercise one’s right to euthanasia will necessarily exist if it is legalized. Thus, society must be extremely careful not to let euthanasia become just another convenient solution to the problem of elderly care. It is only the last resort of a person to end agonizing pain, not to stop being a â€Å"burden† on the family or society. This will be especially important in about 10-20-30 years as a large segment of population, the baby boomers, will start approaching the end of their lives. As to the work of Dr. Euthanasia: We Have a Right to a Peaceful Death :: Euthanasia, Physician Assisted Suicide If there is a contemporary ethical issue which is even more explosive than abortion, it's the question of whether human beings have the right to a peaceful death (euthanasia). In my opinion, a terminally ill person should have a right to avoid pre-death pains and die as peacefully as possible. At this final stage of our presence here, we should not agonize in pointless pain but try to leave well and this implies our right to decide whether we should use euthanasia. Thus, I believe that we need a law that will confirm our rights to euthanasia. However this issue goes beyond merely a right of a certain individual for euthanasia. Many legal norms and procedures must be developed and conventional moral norms must be modified in order to accommodate euthanasia in practice in the USA. In cases of active assisted euthanasia, an assistant (doctor) should feel himself or herself morally comfortable, i.e. not viewed as a murderer. In cases of active unassisted euthanasia a dying person should not be judged as a person who committed suicide. As to the procedures that the government must develop they should ensure that there is a minimum chance of abuse of euthanasia. (Sasha, your part) Abuse aside, it is important that euthanasia does not become simply an expedient solution to the problem of the care for elderly. Nowadays in the United States, even a somewhat healthy elderly person after a certain age comes under a growing social pressure to enter a nursing home, so as to solve the problem of his or her care. Similar pressure (even if to a different degree) to exercise one’s right to euthanasia will necessarily exist if it is legalized. Thus, society must be extremely careful not to let euthanasia become just another convenient solution to the problem of elderly care. It is only the last resort of a person to end agonizing pain, not to stop being a â€Å"burden† on the family or society. This will be especially important in about 10-20-30 years as a large segment of population, the baby boomers, will start approaching the end of their lives. As to the work of Dr.

Language Study Plan Essay

In the world of globalization, communication has played an important role in human life. English for example has become an international language for people to communicate with each other from different country. That is the reason that I choose English as my second language. As a child, my father persuaded me to study English because he strongly believe that studying another language in young age can have a huge result and efficient effect to me when I grow up. I have been studying English for more than 8 year and I have use English a lot in my daily life to improve this language. Sometime I feel more confident using English than my native language which is Khmer. However, the more I study the more I gain so I have been trying so hard to improve my English to advance level which is required for taking a bachelor’s degree course. Moreover, if I get admit to scholarship I will be studying preliminary Korean language course to which I believe that English will become the main lan guage for me to study Korean. As a result I will improve both in Korean and English. Korean has always been the language that I want to study the most but because I couldn’t spare my time for these in my high school, I considered to wait until university. However, in my free time in order to entertain myself from all those hardship work at school I always enjoy watching Korean drama and their variety shows that have a subtitle so I use to this language even I couldn’t understand but still I know some phrase and word in Korean. I believe that by taking a preliminary Korean language course I will improve this languages as my third languages quickly which is required for taking a bachelor’s degree course because I will be using Korean in my daily life such as studying and communicating as a result I will become confident in using Korean as I feel in using English.

Personal Statement Occupational Therapy - 866 Words

Occupational therapy is the ability to provide help to others fairly and respectfully by doing everyday activities that can actually benefit the patients by improving the quality of his or her life. By doing so, this patient will be able to return to their loved ones and their daily activities. As a future occupational therapy, I will try my best to help these patients reach their goals of becoming dependent again. The passion that I have to help those that are in needs of treatments. There are several reasons that I choose to become an occupational therapist, among those reasons are the desire I have to help those that are in need of medical treatments. To continue, I wanted a career that would not take too long to complete and not have a long waiting list. To begin, not onIy I wanted a career that would not take too long to complete but also, one where I would not have to take too long to get accepted. Becoming an occupational therapist was never a preference to me. When I was in high school my vision was focus on becoming a nurse or a physician assistant. After high school, reality strikes; however one can no longer dream of becoming the superstar, the NFL player; or being famous. As adult; or once in college, we tend to search for a long term career that will help us becoming successful in the future. Unfortunately, during my first semester in college, I concluded it would take forever to become a nurse; moreover, in order to pursue my determination of becoming aShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Occupational Therapy923 Words   |  4 PagesMy fascination with technology sparked my interest in the health care field and ultimately in occupational therapy. As a computer technician I felt how gratifying it was to help people adapt t o their environment to accomplish their daily tasks. 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